Conditions

Definition

Achilles tendonitis is an inflammation and degeneration of the achilles tendon. The achilles tendon is the large tendon located in the back of the leg that inserts into the heel. The pain caused by achilles tendonitis can develop gradually without a history of trauma. The pain can be a shooting pain, burning pain, or even an extremely piercing pain.

Achilles Tendonitis is aggravated by activities that repeatedly stress the tendon, causing further inflammation. In some cases even prolonged periods of standing can cause symptoms. It is a common problem often experienced by athletes, particularly distance runners. Achilles Tendonitis is difficult to treat in athletes due to their high level of activity and reluctance to stop or slow down their training.

Individuals who suffer from achilles tendonitis often complain of pain with their first steps out of bed in the morning, or walking after long periods of sitting. This pain often lessens with activity. Achilles tendonitis should not be left untreated due to the danger that the tendon can become weak and ruptured.

Cause

There are several factors that can cause achilles tendonitis. The most common cause is excessive-pronation, or ‘rolling in’ of the foot. Excessive-pronation occurs as compensation in the walking cycle, when the arch collapses upon weight bearing. This causes stress on the achilles tendon.

Other factors that lead to achilles tendonitis are improper shoe selection, inadequate stretching prior to engaging in athletics, a short achilles tendon, direct trauma (injury) to the tendon, and heel bone deformity.

Treatment and Prevention

Athletes, particularly runners, should incorporate a thorough stretching program to properly warm-up the muscles. They should decrease the distance of their walk or run, apply ice after the activity and avoid uphill climbs. Athletes should use a heel raise or orthotic device for extra support.

A heel cup or heel raise elevates the heel to reduce stress and pressure on the achilles tendon. The device should be made with a light-weight, shock absorbing material. An orthotic device can be used to control excessive-pronation, support the longitudinal arch, and reduce stress on the achilles tendon.

If the problem persists, consult your podiatrist.

barefoot or wearing open-backed shoes and sandals or shoes with thin soles. Shoes with good shock absorption can also help to improve the condition.

Moisturising the feet at least twice a day and wearing socks over moisturiser while sleeping can also help.

If the problem persists, see your podiatrist.